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Exent Methodology: How Every Number Is Calculated

How Exent computes the returns, risk ratios, crash drawdowns, correlations, analyst track records, backtests and studies on its pages, how often they refresh, and where the numbers have limits.

Key takeaways

  • Returns are total returns from month‑end adjusted closing prices since June 30, 2016, with dividends reinvested. The current snapshot runs to Sep 30, 2026.
  • Sharpe and Sortino ratios use monthly returns with 1–3 month T‑bills (BIL) as the risk‑free rate. Crisis drawdowns use daily prices inside five crisis windows.
  • Analysts are scored on a 7‑year replay of 628,792 ratings: was the price target hit, how fast, and what the stock did 1, 3, 6 and 12 months later. Calls appear publicly after a 30‑day delay.
  • Backtests use ETF prices, monthly rebalancing and no trading costs or taxes, and are labelled hypothetical. Retail studies use anonymized aggregates of at least 20 portfolios.
  • The data refreshes weekly. Every page shows its as‑of date.

What data does Exent use, and which securities are covered?

Exent uses third‑party market data (daily prices, adjusted prices, company and fund details) and Wall Street analyst ratings data. From them it builds a weekly snapshot that every data page reads, so each number on a page can be traced to a single dated file.

UniverseRulePages in the Sep 30, 2026 snapshot
StocksThe 1,000 largest US companies listed on the NYSE or Nasdaq by market cap, plus other US stocks Exent users hold worth over $300 million1,027
ETFsThe 200 largest US‑listed ETFs, bond funds included, plus other US funds Exent users hold worth over $300 million378
AnalystsAnalysts with a ranking in Exent’s scoring1,000
FirmsFirms with at least three ranked analysts73
StrategiesWell‑known, non‑proprietary strategies built from ETFs19

A security gets a page only with at least 36 complete months of returns. If any month shows a fall of 95% or more, the security is left out: that is almost always a data error, and we cannot verify it.

How are returns calculated?

Returns are total returns: price change plus reinvested dividends and distributions, taken from month‑end adjusted closing prices. The series starts on June 30, 2016. Earlier adjusted prices contain glitches in some funds, so we start after them.

  • Glitch guard. Each month, the adjusted return is compared with the plain price return. If they differ by more than 20 percentage points while the price move is too small to be a split (under 30%), the adjusted value is treated as an error and the plain price return is used.
  • Periods. 1, 3, 5 and 10‑year figures use the last 12, 36, 60 and 120 complete months. A period is shown only if every month in it is present.
  • Annual return is the compound growth rate (CAGR) over the period. Calendar‑year returns compound the months of each year; the current year is year‑to‑date, and 2016 is left out because it is partial.
  • The benchmark for “vs the S&P 500” is the SPDR S&P 500 ETF (SPY), measured the same way over the same months.

How are volatility, Sharpe, Sortino and drawdowns calculated?

MeasureHow Exent calculates it
Volatility in performance tablesStandard deviation of monthly returns, annualized by multiplying by √12
Sharpe ratioAverage monthly return above T‑bills (BIL) divided by the standard deviation of those excess returns, × √12
Sortino ratioAnnualized average excess return over BIL divided by annualized downside deviation (only months below the T‑bill return count as risk)
BetaSensitivity of monthly returns to SPY’s, over the same window as the correlations
Max drawdown in performance tablesDeepest fall from a peak in the month‑end total‑return series
Trailing max drawdownsDeepest peak‑to‑trough fall over the last 1, 3, 5 and 10 years, from daily prices

Month‑end data understates falls that recover within a month, so a performance table’s drawdown can be smaller than the daily one. Both are labelled.

How are crash and crisis drawdowns measured?

For each security, Exent measures the deepest peak‑to‑trough fall from daily prices inside five fixed crisis windows. A holding that was not trading during a crisis, or had been listed for less than 180 days when it began, shows no value for it.

Crisis windowS&P 500 (SPY) fall
Global financial crisis, 2007–09−56.5%
2018 trade‑war selloff−20.2%
COVID crash, Feb–Mar 2020−34.1%
2022 inflation bear market−25.4%
2025 tariff selloff−19.0%

A crash replay shows how much room a holding needed in a real crisis. It does not predict the next one, which will have its own cause. Try it on a whole portfolio with the crash test.

How are correlations and diversification hints calculated?

  • Correlation is the Pearson correlation of monthly returns over up to the last 60 months (36 if only that much history exists), against SPY, the Nasdaq‑100 (QQQ), long Treasuries (TLT) and gold (GLD). A pair needs at least 24 shared months.
  • Least and most correlated stocks are picked from the 150 largest US stocks with 60 months of data, over the same window.
  • Effect on an S&P 500 portfolio compares SPY’s 5‑year volatility with that of a mix of 95% SPY and 5% of the security.

Correlations change over time and usually rise in selloffs, so they are a guide, not a guarantee. See correlation coefficient.

How does Exent analyze a portfolio?

The same principles apply to your holdings inside the app, with a few portfolio‑level measures. AI reads your screenshot or file; the numbers come from quantitative models.

MeasureDefinition
Risk‑matched benchmarkEach holding is matched to a market index that fits it, and the indexes are weighted like your portfolio: a passive twin with your kind of risk
Correlation clustersHoldings whose returns correlate 0.75 or more are grouped as moving as one
Crash liabilityEach holding’s share of the portfolio’s loss in its worst 5% of months
Risk shareWeight × volatility × correlation with the portfolio, as a share of the total
Value at risk (95%)The loss your worst 5% of months went beyond; conditional VaR is their average
Efficient frontierThe best expected return some mix of the holdings you already own could reach at each level of volatility
Expected returnA projected yearly return from past data, weighted by each holding’s share; an estimate, not a promise

The full list of checks is on the portfolio analysis page.

How does Exent score Wall Street analysts?

Exent replays every rating that carried a price target over a 7‑year lookback. The current statistics, computed on June 24, 2026, cover 628,792 ratings, 520,742 of them with a price target. For each call it records:

  • whether the price target was reached (the hit rate);
  • how many days it took to reach it;
  • what the stock returned 1, 3, 6 and 12 months after the call, and how often it was up.

An analyst’s star rating and rank combine success rate, average return and the number of ratings, so a few lucky calls do not make a top analyst. Firm figures are medians of their ranked analysts, for firms with at least three. Individual calls appear on public pages only after a 30‑day delay; live calls stay in the app. Gems, stocks where several analysts rated 4★ and above agree, are built on the same scores. Results so far: are Wall Street analysts accurate?

How are the strategy backtests and research studies built?

Strategy backtests use ETFs as proxies for each strategy, monthly total returns, monthly rebalancing unless a page says otherwise, and no trading costs, taxes or fees beyond the funds’ own expense ratios. They are hypothetical and labelled as such.

  • Optimized portfolios (max‑Sharpe and minimum‑variance) search long‑only weights in 10% steps, re‑estimated every month on the trailing 36 months.
  • Risk parity weights each asset by the inverse of its trailing 12‑month volatility.
  • The trend filter holds SPY above its 10‑month average and T‑bills (BIL) below it.
  • Strategies that need a warm‑up period start later, and each is compared with SPY over its own window.
StudyMethod
How many stocks beat the S&P 500Total return of today’s 500 largest US common stocks of operating companies (no funds, preferred shares or notes) vs SPY over 1, 3, 5 and 10 years
Crash replayMedian and range of crisis drawdowns among today’s 500 largest US common stocks listed at least 180 days before each crisis, by sector
What diversifiesCorrelation with SPY over all months and calm months; stress months are those when SPY fell more than 4% (16 so far)
Lump sum vs dollar‑cost averagingAll 112 rolling 12‑month windows on SPY
Retail portfoliosAnonymized aggregates of portfolios analyzed in Exent

The stock studies use today’s largest companies, so they carry survivorship bias: companies that shrank or failed are missing, which flatters past results. Each study page says so.

How does Exent protect privacy in retail portfolio data?

  • Only anonymized aggregates are published, never an individual portfolio.
  • Exent’s internal accounts are excluded.
  • A study is published only if it covers at least 20 portfolios, each with at least three holdings.
  • A ticker is named in a “most held” list only if at least 20 portfolios hold it.

How often is the data updated, and what are its limits?

The snapshot is rebuilt weekly through the last complete month, and every page shows its as‑of date. Analyst statistics are recomputed on their own schedule and carry their own date.

  • Past data only. Every return is historical. Past performance does not guarantee future results.
  • Backtests have hindsight bias and ignore costs, taxes and the behavior of real investors.
  • Survivorship bias affects any study built on today’s largest companies.
  • Data errors happen in any vendor data. The glitch guard and the 95% rule catch the obvious ones, not all of them.
  • Monthly data smooths short, sharp falls; crisis drawdowns use daily prices for that reason.

Nothing on Exent is investment advice. If you find an error, the editorial policy explains how corrections are handled.

Frequently asked questions

The monthly return of the SPDR Bloomberg 1-3 Month T-Bill ETF (BIL), over the same months as the security being measured.

Total returns. They come from month-end adjusted closing prices, which include reinvested dividends and distributions.

Weekly, through the last complete month. Each page shows the as-of date of its data.

Public pages show individual ratings 30 days after they are published. Live calls and the stocks where top analysts currently agree are in the Exent app.

No. They include the funds’ own expense ratios through their prices, but no commissions, spreads or taxes. They are labelled as hypothetical.

Studies built on today’s largest companies are, because companies that failed or shrank are missing. Those studies state it.

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Educational content, not investment advice. Examples are illustrative; past performance does not guarantee future results.

DISCLAIMER: Exent AI is an informational research platform and does not provide investment advice, financial advice, or act as an investment adviser, broker-dealer, or fiduciary. All content, analytics, and model outputs are provided for educational and informational purposes only and should not be relied upon as a recommendation to buy, sell, or hold any financial instrument. Investing involves risk, including the possible loss of principal. Exent AI does not execute trades, hold customer funds, or provide brokerage services. Past performance and hypothetical results are not indicative of future results. Third-party data and AI-generated outputs may be incomplete or inaccurate.